Pediatrics
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Large trial finds no advantage for balanced fluids over saline in pediatric sepsis
Investigators Fran Balamuth, MD, PhD, MSCE, and Scott L. Weiss, MD, MSCE, said the results support the use of either therapy for initial sepsis resuscitation in children.
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Study evaluates sleep efficiency change in patients with pediatric OSA following adenotonsillectomy
Pediatric pulmonologist Anne C. Coates, MD, said it may take longer to see a benefit from surgery in some populations, especially when nonrespiratory factors may be affecting sleep efficiency.
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HFOV outperformed conventional ventilation for neonatal ARDS in trial
While the results need to be verified in larger, multicenter populations, new data show high-frequency oscillatory ventilation reduced the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.
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Retrospective study confirms RSV, flu significantly increase hospitalization risk in pediatric patients
The study showed that children with comorbidities are at the highest risk, with a fivefold increase in severe outcomes.
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Rapid RSV testing may reduce antibiotic use in pediatric respiratory infections
Riccardo Boracchini, MSc, said the study provides some of the strongest evidence to date that rapid diagnostic testing can reduce antibiotic use outside the hospital setting.
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Intranasal saline improves symptoms in children with sleep-disordered breathing
The results of the MIST+ trial support the conclusion that saline is as effective as corticosteroid in managing symptoms of OSDB, said lead author Gillian Nixon, MD.
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Data support use of nirsevimab prophylaxis to reduce RSV hospitalization risk for infants
Retrospective data show significantly fewer infants were hospitalized for RSV after nirsevimab became available. Among the RSV hospitalizations that occurred during that time period, 75% were in infants who had not received nirsevimab.
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While still elevated, early 2026 data show US influenza A cases stabilizing or decreasing
Infectious disease expert Frederick G. Hayden, MD, said timely use of antivirals for prophylaxis and treatment can minimize the impact of this flu season, which has seen a significant mismatch between vaccines and the circulating strain.
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GLP-1RAs may reduce risk of asthma exacerbations for adolescents with obesity
Pulmonologist Farrukh Abbas, MD, said this observational study generates a hypothesis about the anti-inflammatory benefits of GLP1-RA medications in patients with asthma and obesity that needs to be confirmed in trials.
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Hypoxic burden emerges as a key cardiovascular risk marker in pediatric OSA
Investigator Olga Mediano, PhD, said hypoxic burden may more fully capture the physiological consequences of OSA by integrating the frequency, duration, and depth of oxygen desaturation events.
